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Drum Filters

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Drum Filters

A Drum filter is a type of filtration device commonly used in various industrial and municipal applications to separate solid particles from liquids. It operates using a rotating drum covered with a filter medium

How It Works

Filtration Drum: The drum filter consists of a cylindrical drum covered with a mesh or other filter medium. The drum rotates slowly, and the liquid to be filtered is fed into the drum.

Filtration Process: As the drum rotates, the liquid passes through the filter medium. Solid particles are trapped on the surface of the drum, while the filtered liquid (or filtrate) passes through the medium and is collected.

Cleaning and Scraping: To prevent clogging and maintain filter efficiency, the accumulated solids on the drum’s surface are periodically removed. This is usually done using a scraper or a high-pressure water spray.

Discharge: The separated solids, known as the cake, are removed from the drum and discharged. The filtered liquid flows out of the system as the clean effluent.

Types of drum filter

Rotary Drum Filter: Features a drum that rotates partially submerged in the liquid. Used in various applications including wastewater treatment and mining.

Vacuum Drum Filter: Uses vacuum pressure to draw the liquid through the filter medium. Commonly used in chemical and mineral processing.

Pressure Drum Filter: Employs pressure to force the liquid through the filter medium, typically used for high-pressure applications.

Advantages

Continuous Operation: Can operate continuously, making it suitable for high-volume applications.

Effective Solids Removal: Efficiently removes solids, including fine particles.

Low Maintenance: The self-cleaning mechanism reduces the need for frequent manual cleaning.

High Throughput: Capable of handling large volumes of liquid with varying solid concentrations.

Applications

Waste water Treatment: Used to filter suspended solids from wastewater, including in municipal sewage treatment plants and industrial wastewater facilities.

Mining and Mineral Processing: Helps in separating valuable minerals from ore slurries.

Pulp and Paper Industry: Used to remove impurities from pulp and paper processes.

Food and Beverage Industry: Filters out solids from liquids in processes like brewing and juice production.

Aquaculture: Removes solids from water in fish farming and similar operations.

We have three models to choose from, each in a range of sizes:

  • Freestanding stainless steel tank
  • Stainless steel frame
  • How drum filters and disc filters work
  • As the name indicates, the drum filter is built around a drum- shaped skeleton enclosed with external filter panels. The untreated water flows into the drum, and gravity drives the water through the filter panels and out of the drum.
  • As particles accumulate on the filter cloth and the resistance increases, the water level inside the filter will rise with time. Common to both types of filters is that a backwash cycle is automatically initiated when the water level reaches a certain level.
  • The filter panels are then sprayed from the outside to clean the filter cloth. Reject water containing particles is collected in a long trough located inside the filter, along which it exits, e.g. to a collection tank for further sludge treatment.
  • Larger filter area in a smaller space
  • Backwash water and energy consumption
  • The tests were performed in parallel with water from the same fish tank. The reject water was collected, and the sludge volume was measured after sedimentation. Following a proper mixing of the sediment, a sample was taken to measure the concentration of suspended solids (SS). The trial was repeated 10 times. The result showed that the SS concentration in this experiment was almost twice as high in the reject water from the disc filter compared to the drum filter.
  • So, what are the benefits of being able to minimise the amount of reject water beyond reducing the water consumption?
  • Firstly, the operating cost is reduced corresponding to the reduction of the backwash water. The energy consumption – which is mainly spent on pumping backwash water and rotating the drum – is therefore 45% lower in a disc filter than in a drum filter. Secondly, there will be less volume of sludge that must be stored and dewatered. This in turn can reduce the need to invest in sludge storage and dewatering equipment.
  • Rapid removal of large solids
  • In RAS, rapid particle removal is essential to maintain good water quality. The aim should be to remove the faeces that the fish produce as quickly as possible. This reduces the risk of large particles dissolving into finer particulate matter that is more difficult to remove from the system.
  • A disc filter is significantly more efficient at removing large particles, such as waste feed and feces, than a drum filter. A particularly good result has been achieved by fitting the filter cassettes with “collars” that help lifting out the solids. A test was performed to compare how quickly different filter panels and cassettes lifted out 100 ml of feed pellets with a diameter of 5 mm.
  • The reject water from the drum filter also contains more dissolved suspended fine particulate matter than the disc filter.
  • In general, a larger filter area will provide a better filtration effect in all types of microscreens. Our recommendation is to avoid loading the filters so heavily that they are run more or less in continuous backwash, as this reduces the filtration effect and probably also increases water consumption. The filter is more effective at catching particles if the particulate matter has time to adhere properly to the filter cloth before the drum starts to rotate and backwash. For best results, we believe it is wise to size the filter with extra filter area. This also helps to avoid getting into trouble if a lot of fouling should eventually occur in the filter cloth.

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